The Critical Role of the Vaginal Microbiome
The vaginal microbiome is a complex and dynamic ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms that reside within the vagina. Far from being a passive environment, this microbial community plays a fundamental and active role in maintaining a woman's reproductive and overall health.
A healthy and balanced vaginal microbiome is typically dominated by various species of Lactobacillus. These beneficial bacteria produce lactic acid, which helps maintain an acidic pH (typically between 3.8 and 4.5). This acidic environment is crucial as it inhibits the growth of pathogenic organisms and helps protect against infections.
Consequences of Dysbiosis
- Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)
- Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC)
- Aerobic Vaginitis (AV)
- Increased risk of STIs & PID
Community State Types (CST)
The composition of the vaginal microbiome can be classified into distinct categories known as Community State Types (CSTs). This classification system provides a standardized framework for clinicians to interpret the microbial landscape.
Considered the optimal state. Highly stable and provides robust protection against pathogens.
A healthy state offering good protection, though slightly less stable than CST I.
Less protective. L. iners dominated communities are more susceptible to dysbiosis.
High diversity of anaerobic bacteria (Gardnerella, Atopobium). Strongly associated with BV.
A healthy, protective state similar to CST I and II, but less commonly observed.
Sample Requirements
Sample Type
Vaginal Swab
(Can also be self-sampling)
Test Methodology
NGS Technology
We utilize Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to identify and quantify the full spectrum of bacteria and fungi. This culture-independent method provides a high-resolution view far more detailed than traditional culture methods.
Comprehensive Profiling
Detects beneficial lactobacilli, pathogenic bacteria associated with BV/AV, and yeast species. Includes quantitative results for precise microbial balance assessment.